Second Week of Internships
So to comment on our second week of internship, it was just as simple as last week. We reported to work as normal, but on time this week. We met our little boss lady, and she seemed pretty grumpy at first, but she turned out to be OK. We didn't really doing anything both days, other than play around on final cut, which was something I didn't expect to do there. Cause we basically do that at school. But other than that, this week was a simple breeze. I guess I would have to wait for whats to come.
First Week of Internship
So, basically to kick off our first week of internship, we drove to downtown for almost an hour because we got lost. But when we finally got there we got lost again in the building. And once making it to the right place, the lady or our so called "boss" wasn't even there. She was out on a project. So we met this mellow lady named Ms. Presley. She was pretty OK. She gave us a tour of the freezing studio, just like at home. Then we filled out some paperwork. And we were sent on our way. I guess for a first day it wasn't as exciting, as I thought it would be. It was so freaking quiet, and I heard some words that i didn't expect to hear. But other than that it was OK.
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Miss-Unye’ Croil
The well known station referred to as “channel 2” has come a long way since first introduced. The station actually started off as a radio station called RCA or Radio Corporation of America in New York. The station was constantly on the verge of trying new things. The company owner attempted at one point to transmit audio between cities via low- quality telegraph lines, after being refused by AT&T to use high quality phone lines. Due to the telegraphs = lines being susceptible to atmospheric and other electrical interference, the project failed.
Trying to move into a brighter situation, Radio Corporation of America spentone million to buy a company called WEAF and WCAP to shut them down and create a merged together station called WRC in 1926. A new division that was added on was known as The National Brodcasting Company or “NBC.” RCA was part owner of this new division. NBC officially went on air November 15, 1926.
On January 1, 1927 NBC divided their marketing into two networks. A Red Network for commercial sponsored TV and music programs. The Blue Network was just mainly for non- sponsored broadcasts. An old wise tell said the idea for the color names of the networks came from the color of pushpins NBC engineers used to tell the difference between WEAF and WJZ.
April 5, 1927, NBC launched Orange Network or better known as The Pacific Coast Network. The new Orange network carried a variety of programming. They later went on to recreate a network known to be the Eastern Red Network, station for the West. In the end the Orange Network name was drooped and stations affiliate with networking became part of the Red Network. And they opened a network for shortwave radio stations in 1930 called the NBC White Network. The Network at this time was officially located at the Rockerfeller Center. They were previously located at 711 Fifth Avenue, made by Floyd Brown, an architect.
The FCC or the Federal Communications Commission, was a company that studied broadcasting networks. FCC noticed that two of NBC networks, were well listened to in American radio. In 1940, The Blue Network became NBC Blue Network, Inc. and the red network became NBC Red Network, Inc. After losing the networks last appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court in May 1943, the Radio Corporation of America sold their Blue Network for 8 million dollars to a company called Life Savers magnate Edward J. Noble.
After a while of being in business, NBC became known to be home of many popular performers and programs on the air. They were most powerful, and had clear channel frequencies. In the 1940’s, a competitive broadcasting system named Columbia Broadcasting System, started to rise because they let radio stars use their own production companies. And NBC stars started to move toward television. Trying to keep the flame of radio alive, NBC ran The Big Show in November 1950. It was 90 minutes long, and it kept the earliest variety of music’s styles, with comedy and drama. The big plan ended up not working, and NBC lost almost a million dollars on the experiment. The networks looked to its resorts in June 12, 1995, a show called Monitor. A weekend end long show that provided a variety of host, news, music, and interviews. Monitor lasted for a good while, until about the mid-1960’s, large stations wouldn’t break their programing. Monitor went off air on January 26, 1975, little was left of NBC.
The potpourri show tried to keep vintage radio alive by featuring segments from Jim and Marian Jordan (in character as Fibber McGee and Molly); Peg Lynch's dialog comedy Ethel and Albert (with Alan Bunce); and iconoclastic satirist Henry Morgan. Monitor was a success for a number of years, but after the mid-1960s, local stations, especially in larger markets, were reluctant to break from their established formats to run non-conforming network programming. After Monitor went off the air January 26, 1975, little remained of NBC network radio beyond hourly newscasts and news features, and The Eternal Light on Sunday mornings.
Beginning on June 18, 1975, NBC launched the NBC News and Information Service (NIS), which provided up to 55 minutes of news per hour around the clock to local stations that wanted to adopt an all-news format. NIS attracted several dozen subscribing stations, largely in smaller markets, but not enough for NBC to expect profitability, and NBC discontinued it May 29, 1977. In 1979, NBC started The Source, a modestly successful secondary network providing news and short features to FM rock stations.
The NBC Radio Network also pioneered personal advice call-in national talk radio with a satellite-distributed talk show in the evening entitled TalkNet, featuring Bruce Williams (personal financial advice) and Sally Jesse Raphael (personal / romantic advice). While never much of a ratings success, TalkNet nonetheless helped further the national talk radio format. For affiliates, many of them struggling AM stations, TalkNet helped fill the evenings with free programming, allowing the stations to sell local advertising in a dynamic format without the cost associated with producing local programming. Some in the industry feared this trend would lead to ever-more control of radio content by networks and syndicators.
GE acquired RCA in 1986, and with it NBC, signaling the beginning of the end of NBC Radio. There were three factors that led to its demise. First, GE decided that radio did not fit its strategy. Second, the radio division had not been profitable for many years. Finally, FCC rules at the time prevented a new owner from owning both a radio and TV division. In the summer of 1987, GE sold NBC Radio's network operations to Westwood One, and sold off the NBC-owned stations to different buyers. By 1990, the NBC Radio Network as an independent programming service was pretty much gone, becoming a brand name for content produced by Westwood One, and ultimately by, ironically, CBS Radio. The Mutual Broadcasting System, which Westwood One had acquired two years earlier, met the same fate, and essentially merged with NBC Radio.
It should be noted that GE's divestiture of NBC's entire radio division was the first cannon shot of what would play out in the national broadcast media, as each of the Big 3 broadcast networks were soon acquired by other corporate entities. The NBC case was particularly noteworthy in that it was the first to be bought—and was bought by a corporate behemoth outside the broadcast industry as GE is a manufacturer. Prior to the acquisition by GE, NBC operated its radio division partly out of tradition, and partly to meet its then-FCC-mandated requirement to distribute programming for the public good (the now-defunct "Fairness Doctrine"). Syndicators such as Westwood One were not subject to such rules as they owned no stations. Thus did GE's divestiture of NBC Radio – "America's First Network" – in many ways mark the "beginning of the end" of the old broadcasting era and the ushering in of the new, largely unregulated industry that we see today.
By the late 1990s, Westwood One was producing NBC Radio-branded newscasts, on weekday mornings only. In 1999, these were discontinued, and the few remaining NBC Radio Network affiliates began to receive CNN Radio-branded newscasts around the clock. But in 2003, Westwood One began distributing a new service called NBC News Radio, consisting of one-minute news updates read by television anchors and reporters from NBC News and MSNBC. The content, however, is written by employees of Westwood One - not NBC News.
30 Rockefeller Center, also known as the GE Building, is the world headquarters of NBC.
For many years NBC was closely identified with David Sarnoff, who used it as a vehicle to sell consumer electronics. It was Sarnoff who ruthlessly stole innovative ideas from competitors[citation needed], using RCA's muscle to prevail in the courts[citation needed]. RCA and Sarnoff had dictated the broadcasting standards put in place by the FCC in 1938[citation needed], and captured the spotlight by introducing all-electronic television to the public at the 1939–40 New York World's Fair, simultaneously initiating a regular schedule of programs on the NBC-RCA television station in New York City. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appeared at the fair, before the NBC cameras, becoming the first U.S. president to appear on television on April 30, 1939. The David Sarnoff Library has available an actual, off-the-monitor photograph of the FDR telecast. The broadcast was transmitted by NBC's New York television station W2XBS Channel 1 (now WNBC-TV channel 4) and was seen by about one thousand viewers within the station's roughly 40-mile (64 km) coverage area from their Empire State Building transmitter location.
The next day, May 1, four models of RCA television sets went on sale to the general public in various New York City department stores, promoted in a series of splashy newspaper ads. It is to be noted that DuMont (and others) actually offered the first home sets in 1938 in anticipation of NBC's announced April 1939 start-up. Later in 1939, NBC took its cameras to professional football and baseball games in the New York City area, establishing many "firsts" in the history of television.
Actual NBC "network" broadcasts (more than one station) began about this time with occasional special events — such as the British King and Queen's visit to the New York World's Fair — being seen in Philadelphia (over the station which would become WPTZ, now KYW) and in Schenectady (over the station which would become WRGB), two pioneer stations in their own right. The most ambitious NBC television "network" program of this pre-war era was the telecasting of the Republican National Convention in 1940 from Philadelphia, which was fed live to New York and Schenectady.[11] However, despite major promotion by RCA, television set sales in New York in the 1939-1940 period were disappointing, primarily due to the high cost of the sets, and the lack of compelling regular programming. Most sets were sold to bars, hotels and other public places, where the general public viewed special sporting and news events.
Television's experimental period ended, and the FCC allowed full commercial telecasting to begin on July 1, 1941. NBC's New York station W2XBS received the first commercial license, adopting the call letters WNBT (it is now WNBC-TV). The first official, paid television commercial on that day broadcast by any station in the United States was for Bulova Watches, seen just before the start of a Brooklyn Dodgers baseball telecast on NBC's WNBT, New York. A test pattern, featuring the newly assigned WNBT call letters, was modified to look like a clock, complete with functioning hands. The Bulova logo, with the phrase "Bulova Watch Time", was shown in the lower right-hand quadrant of the test pattern. A photograph of the NBC camera telecasting the test pattern-advertisement for that first official TV commercial can be seen at this page. Among programming on the opening weekend of WNBT's programming was amateur boxing at Jamaica Arena, the Eastern Clay Courts tennis championships, programming from the USO, a spelling bee-type game show called "Words on the Wing," a few feature films, and the television debut of the game show Truth or Consequences.[12]
Limited programming continued until the U.S. entered World War II. Telecasts were curtailed in the early years of the war, then expanded as NBC began to prepare for full service upon the war's end. On V-E Day, May 8, 1945, WNBT broadcast hours of news coverage, and remotes from around New York City. This event was pre-promoted by NBC with a direct-mail card sent to television set owners in the New York area.[13] At one point, a WNBT camera placed atop the marquee of the Hotel Astor panned the crowd below celebrating the end of the war in Europe. The vivid coverage was a prelude to television's rapid growth after the war ended.
The NBC television network grew from its initial post-war lineup of four stations. The 1947 World Series featured two New York teams (Yankees and Dodgers), and local TV sales boomed, since the games were telecast in New York. More stations along the East Coast and in the Midwest were connected by coaxial cable through the late 1940s, and in September 1951 the first transcontinental telecasts took place.
The early 1950s brought success for NBC in the new medium. Television's first big star, Milton Berle, drew large audiences to NBC with his antics on Texaco Star Theater. Under its innovative president, Sylvester "Pat" Weaver, the network launched Today and The Tonight Show, which would bookend the broadcast day for over fifty years, and which still lead their competitors. Weaver, who also launched the genre of periodic 90-minute network "spectaculars," network-produced motion pictures, and the live 90-minute Sunday afternoon series Wide Wide World, left the network in 1955 in a dispute with its chairman David Sarnoff, who subsequently named his son Robert Sarnoff as president.
In 1951, NBC commissioned Italian-American composer Gian Carlo Menotti to compose the first opera ever written for television; Menotti came up with Amahl and the Night Visitors, a forty-five minute work for which he wrote both music and libretto, about a disabled shepherd boy who meets the Three Wise Men and is miraculously cured when he offers his crutch to the newborn Christ Child. It was such a stunning success that it was repeated every year on NBC from 1951 to 1966, when a quarrel between Menotti and NBC ended the broadcasts. However, by 1978, Menotti and NBC had patched things up, and an all-new production of the work, filmed partly on location in the Holy Land, was telecast that year
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